Boron trifluoride

Boron trifluoride dihydrate
IUPAC name	boron trifluoride — water (1:2)
Identifiers
InChI	InChI=1/BF3.2H2O/c2-1(3)4;;/h;2*1H2
CAS number	[13319-75-0]
UN number	2851
RTECS	ED2275000
ChemSpider	55500
Properties
Chemical formula	BF3·2H2O
Molar mass	103.84 g mol−1
Appearance	colourless liquid
Density	1.6316 g cm−3
Melting point	6 °C
Solubility in water	reacts
Refractive index (nD)	1.3150
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Boron trifluoride
Identifiers
InChI	InChI=1/BF3/c2-1(3)4
InChIKey	WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYAW
Standard InChI	InChI=1S/BF3/c2-1(3)4
Standard InChIKey	WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS number	[7637-07-2]
EC number	231-569-5
UN number	1008
RTECS	ED2275000
ChemSpider	6116
Properties
Chemical formula	BF3
Molar mass	67.806 g mol−1
Appearance	colourless gas
Density	2.84 kg m−3
Melting point	−126.7 °C (146.4 K)
Boiling point	−100.3 °C (172.8 K)
Critical point	−12.3 °C, 49.85 bar
Solubility in water	reacts violently
Structure
Molecular geometry	Trigonal planar (D3h)
Dipole moment	zero
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of formation ΔfHo298	–1136.0(8) kJ mol−1
Standard molar entropy So298	254.42(20) J K–1 mol–1
Specific heat capacity C	50 J K–1 mol–1
Std enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapHo298	278.39 kJ kg−1 at b.p.
Hazards
Material safety data sheet (MSDS)	ICSC 0231
EU index number	005-001-00-X
GHS pictograms
GHS signal word	DANGER
GHS hazard statements	H330, H314
Flash point	non-flammable
PEL (U.S.)	1 ppm ceiling (3 mg m−3)
Related compounds
Other anions	Boron trichloride; Boron tribromide; Boron triiodide
Other cations	Aluminium fluoride; Gallium fluoride; Indium fluoride; Thallium fluoride
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Boron trifluoride, BF₃, is a colourless, toxic gas. It is widely used in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, to introduce trace quantities of boron into the silicon as p-type dopant.^[2] It is also used as a Lewis acid in organic synthesis, either as the gas or (more usually) as an adduct with a weak Lewis base such as diethyl ether or dimethyl sulfide.

Notes and references

↑ Within the European Union, the following additional hazard statement (EUH014) must also be displayed on labelling: Reacts violently with water.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 62nd ed.; Weast, Robert C., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1981; p B-84. ISBN 0-8493-0462-8.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Boron trifluoride. In Gas Encyclopedia; Air Liquide, <http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/encyclopedia.asp?GasID=68>. (accessed 21 June 2010).
↑ Borane, trifluoro-. In NIST Chemistry WebBook; National Institute for Standards and Technology, <http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI%3D1S/BF3/c2-1(3)4>. (accessed 21 June 2010).
↑ Index no. 005-001-00-X of Annex VI, Part 3, to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. OJEU L353, 31.12.2008, pp 1–1355 at p 341.
↑ Boron trifluoride. In Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-149; Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2005. ISBN 9780160727511, <http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0062.html>.

See also the corresponding article on Wikipedia.

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